In this work we describe a novel, compact optical design that couples a monocentric lens with multiple sensors using microlens arrays, allowing lf capture with an unprecedented fov. A scaling law for computational imaging using spherical optics. In contrast with conventional widefieldofview systems, multiscale design can also achieve nearly uniform resolution across the entire field of view. In monocentric designs with the stop at the center of curvature and a monocentric image surface, the performance is the same for any field angle. Pdf monocentric lenses provide highresolution panoramic imaging onto a spherical image surface. Optimization of twoglass monocentric lenses for compact panoramic imagers. Osa ray tracing in monocentric and ball lenses by a. Here the monocentric meniscus lens corrects for the spherical aberration of the mirror. A methodology to design optical systems with curved sensors.
Practical conditions specify lens materials, safety considerations fix lens thickness, fashion dictates lens. Field, aperture, pupil, magnification, infinity cases, lens makers formula, etendue, vignetting. Pdf monocentric lenses have proven exceptionally capable of high. Monocentric multiscale mms lenses are a new approach to highresolution wideangle imaging, where a monocentric objective lens is shared by an array of identical rotationallysymmetric secondary imagers which each acquire one overlapping segment of a mosaic. A legacy in lens design and optical engineering, 586508 18 august 2005. Us9329365b2 wide field of view monocentric lens system. Kingslakejohnson lens design fundamentals, spie press, 2010 8. Making and using a monocentric eyepiece from commercial. It consisted of a single divergent planoconcave lens, which provided an enlarged, upright image. What i am saying is that the design picture of the monocentric, is not monocentric because the curves of the elements as pictured, do not follow the language they provide which says that it is. Panoramic fullframe imaging with monocentric lenses and.
The design is still in use today, in very cheap binoculars and opera glasses. Huyghenian eyepieces have a restricted afov and there isnt a lot of eye relief. The ramsden is a positive eyepiece that can be used as a simple magnifier, meaning that the focal plane is in front of the field lens. Computational imaging widefov monocentric light field camera.
Optimization of twoglass monocentric lenses for compact. Pdf fibercoupled monocentric lens imaging researchgate. In order to meet the requirement of miniaturization, high image quality and large field of view of monitor lens, based on the characteristics of monocentric lenses, and the development of curved image sensors, we designed a monitor lens optical system and all refraction surfaces and its curved image. Pdf monocentric lenses provide highresolution panoramic imaging onto a. Visible spectrum 2gs mc lens b mtf design performance and prescription, c prototype photo and vnir 4ga mc lens d mtf design. In our design process for a 3d curved fiber bundle with the required field of view, we define the taper ratio as well as the inputoutput surfaces see figure 2. Optimization of twoglass monocentric lenses for compact panoramic. Design and scaling of monocentric multiscale imagers. A monocentric lens based multiscale imaging system is disclosed. A monocentric lens produces a spherical image, which we capture using tiled sensors and lenslet arrays 6. He has a very limited number of degrees of freedom.
If you flip a monocentric lens over to the other side of its common center of curvature nothing changes about the systems aberrations. The final design shows that the mtf is larger than 0. Superwideangle mobile lens design based on monocentric lenses. An imaging system with wide field of view fov and high resolution is proposed in this paper. Geary lens design with practical examples, willmannbell 6. A wide field of view monocentric lens system for an infrared aerial reconnaissance camera includes front and rear lens shell elements and a core lens element, with the number of front and rear shell lens elements depending on the ir band of interest lwir, mwir or swir.
A lens design form can be a combination of positive optical power and negative optical power lens elements that share characteristics with each other. The eyepiece consists of a single triplet lens with all the curved lens surfaces having their centers of curvature at the same point. The monocentric lens is ideal for wide fieldofview applications. Embodiments of the present invention comprise a monocentric lens as an objective lens that collects light from a scene. In one aspect, an optical imaging system includes an optical imaging module that collects light to form an image on an imaging surface, one or more imaging sensors each including an array of optical detectors located away from the imaging surface to receive light.
Does anyone has a design for monocentric eyepieces. From this formula, we can directly get the meridional formula for a single symmetric or asymmetric monocentric lens. The design of miniaturization and super wide angle monitor. For our panoramic imager, we thus couple straight and curved fiber bundles made from schott 24as fiberoptic material to a monocentric lens see figure 1. Oversampled triangulation of aware10 monocentric ball lens using an autostigmatic microscope. Osa ray tracing in monocentric and ball lenses by a general. Monocentric lens geometries and algorithms for systematic optimization fig. For example, solving this lens design only leads to a secondary design constraint, in that the total resolution of such wide angle lenses may easily exceed 100 megapixels. The small eye lens makes peering through high magnification huyghenian oculars rather like looking through a pin hole. Us9256056b2 monocentric lensbased multiscale optical. May 23, 2016 in this paper, we introduce the design and implementation of a segmented, hemispherical, cmoscompatible silicon image plane for a 10mm diameter spherical monocentric lens. The design is a hybrid between the two implementations introduced in figures 4 and 5. List the lens data in the text window by clicking on len in the text window header. Tutorial of telecentric lens haosheng hu college of optical sciences university of arizona december 6, 2016 introduction.
Based on this analysis we identify and fully optimize a monocentric lens in combination with a todesigned grin image relay optic. Monocentric lensbased multiscale optical systems and. Pdf broadspectrum fibercoupled monocentric lens imaging. Ive made mirrors and hand figured large lenses but a ball lens is something ive.
Each sensor is coupled with a lens that decreases focal distance, allowing fov to overlap between adjacent sensors. Monocentric multiscale lenses further allow the implementation of an arbitrary field of view in camera volumes comparable to conventional single lens systems. Aspheres correction with aspheres, forbes approach, optimal location of aspheres, several aspheres 4 06. Since that mirror also shares the same common center of curvature in this bouwers design. His eyepiece design consists of two plano convex crown lenses of equal focal lengths, separated by about 23d the sum of their focal lengths and with the plane surfaces facing outward away from each other.
Optical design of ophthalmic lenses introduction we tend to prescribe ophthalmic lenses as though any lens with the right back vertex power will do. Monocentric lens designs and associated imaging systems. Patent of the month monocentric lens the triz journal. Monocentric imaging system with wide field of view and high. In this paper, we introduce the design and implementation of a segmented, hemispherical, cmoscompatible silicon image plane for a 10mm diameter spherical monocentric lens. Transformation optics relay lens design for imaging from a. Osa field of view in monocentric multiscale cameras. For example in the monocentric lens design form, which. Introduction to lens design with practical zemax examples pdf.
Design and fabrication of silicontessellated structures for. The lens consisted of a thick cemented triplet, with an equiconvex barium crown flanked by borate flint negative meniscus elements. The optical design employed monocentric objective lens design combined with the unique arrangement of multiaperture array, which empowers the system of good tradeoff between imaging performances and structural complexity. In order to meet the requirement of miniaturization, high image quality and large field of view of monitor lens, based on the characteristics of monocentric lenses, and the development of curved image sensors, we designed a monitor lens optical system and all refraction surfaces and its curved image surface have the same spherical center. The mobile phone lens is composed of 4 monocentric lenses. To conform to the hemispherical focal plane of the lens, we use. For example in the monocentric lens design form, which uses spherical elements. In lens design with large computers, proceedings of the conference, institute of optics, government superintendent, rochester, new york. Our analysis indicates monocentric lenses imaging onto a curved detector outperform other systems for the same design constraints but do so at a cost in lens weight. The degree of curvature required to obtain significant benefits are particular to the specific optical requirements field of view, aperture, chromatic bandwidth, etc. Sep 10, 2014 page 2 of 4 making and using a monocentric eyepiece from commercial parts posted in eyepieces. Lenses in this section may overlap with lens designs in other sections, for example the wollaston landscape lens is a single element and also a camera lens design.
The mojocentrics are my favorite eyepieces by far fixed my signature to reflect my new mojo. Optical design reasoning over the past years several customers asked me why we force the making of lenses with rather fast focal ratios. Pdf a history of the photographic lens semantic scholar. Design and scaling of monocentric multiscale imagers citeseerx. Bentley field guide to lens design, spie press, 2012 7. The center design shows a related compact design which sacrifices both resolution and light collection. I am not saying that the production and design did not look like this. Another assymetric version had an even thicker crown and forward flint with a thinner double extradense flint eye lens. Broadspectrum fibercoupled monocentric lens imaging.
We quantify image quality metrics such as spot size, field of view, and light efficiency along with manufacturing cost metrics such as index contrast and anisotropy. Leveraging capabilities of the lf representation, we propose a novel method for ef. Just like a telescope, photographic objective, or any other optical device, ophthalmic lenses are designed to maximize performance. Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for capturing and forming large high quality images using monocentric optical imaging. Lens design is, therefore, a strong component of a wellrounded education in optics, and a skill valued by industries employing optical engineers. Monocentric lenses conventional optics cannot accommodate widefov lf capture, so we employ a monocentric lens built from concentric glass spheres.
Monocentric optical designs are free of field dependent aberrations because they are com pletely symmetric. The monocentric lens compared with a lytro illum and a conventional fisheye lens. Brian blandford 2005 7 opic lens design tutorial edu plotting a spot diagram now create a map of the pattern of rays falling on the image. Author links open overlay panel nan zheng a scott c. Simple lenses are lenses consisting of a single element. Optics of near to eye displays neds dave kessler, oasis 20 tel aviv, february 19, 20. Spectacle lens design the goal of the spectacle lens designer is to give the patient clear vision at all distances through any portion of the spectacle lens. In one aspect, an optical imaging system includes an optical imaging module that collects light to form an image on an imaging surface, one or more imaging sensors each including an array of optical detectors located away from the imaging surface to.
Design and scaling of monocentric multiscale imagers core. Request pdf on jan 30, 2019, xiangyue meng and others published the design of miniaturization and super wide angle monitor lens based on monocentric lens find, read and cite all the research. Higher order aberrations high na systems, broken achromates, induced aberrations. Special correction topics ii 20181211 herbert gross winter term 2019. Traditional lens systems suffer from significant distortion and loss of resolution with increased fov, and also tend to increase in size and complexity. Part of the lens design form is from the configuration, as it is important to be able to see the configuration of the lens and decipher what it.
Telecentricity, monocentric systems, anamorphotic lenses, scheimpflug systems 10 18. This novel design of photographic objective underlay the monocentric eyepiece. Nowadays, high accuracy and performance of critical to many machine vision system, a method that use telecentric lens. Panoramic monocentric imaging using fiber coupled focal. Monocentric multiscale mms lenses are a new approach to highresolution wideangle imaging, where. Kingslakejohnson lens design fundamentals, spie press, 2010. A widefieldofview monocentric light field camera donald g. Monocentric imaging system with wide field of view and. All of these formulas can be reduced to their corresponding paraxial forms, and their spherical aberration exact formulas can be easily derived. This is beyond the current spatial resolution and communications bandwidth of a single. This design served its purpose in the 17th and 18th centuries, but is obsolete today.
Design and scaling of monocentric multiscale imagers eric j. Computer experiment and global optimization of layered monocentric lens systems. Monocentric lenses have recently changed from primarily a historic curiosity to a potential solution for. Pdf oversampled triangulation of aware10 monocentric. Malacaramalacara handbook of lens design, dekker 1994 3. Kepler invented 1611 within a few years, the kepler eyepiece was invented. The monocentric lens design used in this camera solves these problems. This is due in part to the limitations of fisheye lenses, for which a fundamentally constrained entrance pupil diameter severely limits depth sensitivity. The luneburg lens is a special case of integrated lenses, with nonuniform refractive index, where ideally an incident plane wave is focused on the antipodal point on the lens surface, see figure 2b. Smith modern optical engineering, graw hill 2000 5. Structural modifications zero operands, lens splitting, lens addition, lens removal, material selection 3 30. Design and fabrication of silicontessellated structures.
Click on document introduction to lens design with practical zemax examples pdf. Wedemonstrate thetradeoffbetweenspectralband,fnumberandlenscomplexity, andprovide. Optimization free parameters lens curvature, width, position, type of glass some can be fixed, other vary with focal length, focus e. Infrared radiation entering the monocentric lens passes sequentially through the front shell lens elements, the core lens. A widefieldofview monocentric light field camera stanford. Superwideangle mobile lens design based on monocentric. In this work, we derive a general raytracing formula for monocentric lenses based on a linear form of snells law. The monocentric is actually an old eyepiece design developed in the 1880s. Monocentric lenses support both a wide fov and a wide aperture but.
Most of them were afraid that the optical correction of such lenses would not be satisfactory for nighttime observations. Visible spectrum 2gs mc lens b mtf design performance and prescription. Monocentric lens based multiscale optical systems and methods of use. A version was sold by zeiss as an astronomical eyepiece until the mid1950s. Computer experiment and global optimization of layered.
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